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But just how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative way I love to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. All you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds simple, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your computer. The more powerful your computer is, the further guesses you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the ideal guess, your mining program determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents your moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with your solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can validate it. Its a bit much like some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite tough to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions that you chose to include in the block.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions Go Here in the block youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining part is merely a by-product of this transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore that the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Of course, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the regulation of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the more mining power the network has, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics issue. So the difficulty of this mining method is actually self-adjusting into the gathered mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to solve the problem; if many of them fall off, it will get easier. This is known as mining difficulty.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two blocks being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to acquire the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners on the market. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only people mining Bitcoin back in the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was low. Since Bitcoin began to catch on, people looked for more potent mining solutions.