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But how do you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their job
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative way I love to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. All you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the further guesses you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess right, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the ideal guess, your mining system determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents your moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with your solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to attain but quite easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution updates its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions you chose to include in the cube.
4. The machine generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the block youve only entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining component is merely a by-product of this transaction confirmation process. So that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for every block, a different miner will guess the number and also be granted the right to upgrade this post the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with more computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed every time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the further mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining math problem. So the difficulty of the mining process is actually self-adjusting to the gathered mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to address the issue; when many of them drop off, it will get easier. This is known as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only people mining Bitcoin back in the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was reduced. Since Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.